The Orenburg Region as part of the Russian Empire is a large frontier region, distinguished by ethnic and confessional diversity.  One of the important problems of the Empire was the problem of the integration of various nationalities and ethnic groups into the imperial space through acculturation.  One of the first tools was the Christianization and the introduction of the Russian language in the early stages of the formation of the Empire.  If in the early stages of folding the system, violent Christianization took over, then later it was replaced by non-violent missionary work. Gradually, the religious component of acculturation was “moved away” by political methods of solving the problems posed.  We are talking about a course on the cultural and administrative unification of the Empire, where more space was given to the education system.  It was she who was intended to actively participate in the formation of a single identity of the “Russian subject”.  The acculturation of the Muslim population by means of enlightenment was the most important mechanism of “soft” pulling up of suburbs to domestic Russian cultural standards, without losing the national and religious identity of “foreigners”, but with the acquisition and / or strengthening of the qualities of a conscious, loyal subject of the Russian Empire. The historical experience of the Eurasian Territory of the Orenburg Territory in the post-reform period in this area is extremely revealing, revealing both successes and difficulties, as well as unexpected obstacles in the implementation of this policy.The research is executed at the expense of a grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 17-18-01008) in the Orenburg State Pedagogical University.