This poster looks at the astronomical illustrations of Etienne Trouvelot in the late 19th Century and analyzes the paradigmatic and syntagmatic structures of the images compared to photographic images taken around the same time period. It questions why some artistic choices communicate the subject matter more effectively based on how the image was created, by breaking down the contents of each image. This analysis is significant to understanding why photography and illustration were both important in providing the most comprehensive view and understanding of the celestial by recognizing their strengths. It also provides insight as to why illustration is still used today.